Is it true to say that every matrix $A\in M_n(\mathbb{R})$ is similar (conjugate) to a matrix $B=(b_{ij})$ with $b_{ij}=-b_{ji}$ for all $i\neq j$?(With some abuse of terminology,a matrix $B$ with this property is called "Semi antisymmetric").
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4Just to be clear: there is no restriction on the diagonal of B, so this is a somewhat unusual usage of the term "antisymmetric matrix", right? – Nathaniel Johnston Oct 05 '17 at 00:23
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It seems that for an identity matrix all the conjugates are also identity matrices, so the statement can be true only if there is no restriction on the diagonal, e.g. the identity matrix is defined to be antisymmetric. – Sergey Dovgal Oct 05 '17 at 02:39
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I also assume that only "real" basis changes are desired, because otherwise it can be proven without much effort that the statement is true. – Sergey Dovgal Oct 05 '17 at 02:50
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@NathanielJohnston yes you are right. I called such matrix semi anti symmetric, sonce there is no restriction on the doagonal. – Ali Taghavi Oct 05 '17 at 06:42
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@SergeyDovgal In my question there is no restriction on diagonal. The congugacy is assumed via real matrices not complex matrices. With such assumption, do you think the answer to my question is affirmative? – Ali Taghavi Oct 05 '17 at 06:46
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@NathanielJohnston I revised the question indicating my abuse of terminology. – Ali Taghavi Oct 05 '17 at 06:50
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Yes. Every matrix can be written as the sum of a symmetric plus an antisymmetric one: $A = \frac{A+A^T}{2}+\frac{A-A^T}{2}$. Now change basis such that the symmetric part is diagonal.
Federico Poloni
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5This shows in addition that the conjugating matrix can be taken to be orthogonal. – François Brunault Oct 05 '17 at 07:06
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2@FrançoisBrunault Thanks for this comment. As you wrote,it is essential to take the orthogonal conjugacy otherwise we may loose the antisymmetricity of the second matrix. – Ali Taghavi Oct 05 '17 at 15:08