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I have basic understanding of BEC - if you can call it understanding -, and I did a lot of reading to get it, but I never came across any examples other than liquid helium. Is it theoretically possible to achieve BEC state with any other material? If not, what am I missing?

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Attila Herbert
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    You mean in thermal equilibrium? – Count Iblis Jul 16 '16 at 01:04
  • Yes, it requires monoisotopic bosonic gas in strong magnetic field cooled down to nanokelvins. – peterh Jul 16 '16 at 01:31
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    @CountIblis I suspect, in the BEC state there is automatically also thermal equilibrium, because the particles are in the same quantum state. More exactly, the energy distribution of the particles isn't thermal (doesn't follow a Boltzman statistic, nearly every particle has the same energy). The OP probably didn't find the correct docs, I've heard from the BEC first as it was produced from some alkalic element, maybe from Na. – peterh Jul 16 '16 at 01:34
  • At low temperature, superconductors one can treat the cooper pairs as all existing within a charged condensate. Then, for example, the quantization of angular momentum manifesting as magnetic flux quantization can be immediately likened to quantized vortices in superfluid helium. Other phenomena also (: One can also envision the stimulated emission of light in quantity as a bose condensation phenomena – R. Rankin Jul 16 '16 at 02:55
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    There is also the (still purely) theoretical potential to create supermetallic hydrogen, in which electrons and protons each form charged condensates, with very interesting properties. Farther from home are the models of neutron stars which rely upon neutrons condensing into a superfluid in their core. – R. Rankin Jul 16 '16 at 02:58
  • See here and here. – march Jul 16 '16 at 05:20
  • There are different isotopes 7Li, 23Na, 41K, 52Cr, 85Rb, 87Rb, 133Cs, 174Yb. Source German Wikipedia – HolgerFiedler Jul 16 '16 at 05:42
  • @peterh bosonic gas = bose gas, or is there a difference? – Attila Herbert Jul 16 '16 at 11:50
  • @AttilaHerbert Both mean the same: a gas of bosons. But it doesn't mean that all particles in it would have the same quantum state, it is only in condensates. – peterh Jul 16 '16 at 13:18

1 Answers1

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Yes. Bose-Einstein condensation was experimentally achieved in systems of:

If you are using atoms, they must behave like bosons (see also here).

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