Is it possible to prove background independence of string theory? I've seen a few things about it but not really sure how it works. I seems to involve the action:
$$S = \int \sqrt{G}G^{\mu\nu}(X)\eta^{ab}\partial_a X_\mu(\sigma)\partial_b X_\nu(\sigma) d\sigma^2$$
And then expanding out the function $G^{\mu\nu}(X)$ so we get a non-polynomial action in $X^\mu(\sigma)$ to get a theory of string theory on curved space-time. But I can't see how this relates dynamical curved space time to the fields $X^\mu(\sigma)$.