The tidal forces experienced by a freely falling observer is due to the curvature of spacetime, not where any "sources" are located. For weak fields, the acceleration along direction $\mathbf{x}$ are $a^i = -R_{0j0}^i x^j$ where $R$ is the Riemann tensor: it is entirely a local property of the nearby spacetime.
The basic Schwarzschild solution is curved everywhere, including under the horizon. Indeed, trying to patch in a piece of flat spacetime on the inside would have trouble making the derivatives match up: it doesn't work.
The fundamental confusion many have about black holes is thinking that they are discrete "things" surrounded by horizons and other phenomena. But they are actually extended spacetime curvature structures (that imply the various phenomena). The singularity is not doing anything and is not responsible for the gravitational field, it is a consequence of the field.