In the majority of the sources I've read regarding gauge fixing, the authors sometimes use (IMHO) a vague terminology. Let's take the case of the magnetic vector potential $\vec{A}$ defined as $$ \vec{B} = \nabla \times \vec{A} \tag{1} $$ The magnetic vector potential $\vec{A}$ is not unique because when one applies this transformation $$ \vec{A} \longmapsto \vec{A}+\nabla\psi \tag{2} $$ computing $\nabla \times \vec{A}$ will yield the same $\vec{B}$ as (1). A typical gauge fixing condition (at least I think that's how it is called) is the Coulomb gauge $$ \nabla\cdot\vec{A}=0 \tag{3} $$ which serves to simplify many calculations.
What is somewhat clear to me: the transformation (2) is called a gauge transformation and the equation (3) is called a gauge fixing condition. What is not clear:
- Which is the gauge? Is it the particular choice for $\psi$ or the one for $\vec{A}$ in (2)? If the second statement is true, then what would we call the particular choice for $\psi$?
- To make things even more complicated the equation (3) is sometimes called "the Coulomb gauge", although I suspect this might be a terminology abuse.
Could someone please clarify this for me?