This post contains 3 questions but they are very similar.
I saw from this question What's inside a proton? and other websites that protons aren't really made up of three quarks, but a lot of quarks are constantly created and annihilated, and they make up most of the mass of the proton or neutron. I tried reading the wikipedia page about Gluons, Color Charge, and Strong Interaction, but i couldn't understand at all two things. If there are many more quarks than only the three valence quarks... Why does the electric charge of the proton remain +1? Why is the strong force creating quarks and antiquarks between the quarks, are not only the quarks throwing gluons at each other? Could anyone also explain, why does exchanging gluons, cause quarks to stay together?
