Recently I read, that only connected Feynman diagrams give contribution of nonzero values into the scattering amplitude. Why it is so and what is the physical sense of connected diagrams (due to their definition in Wikipedia)?
Also, I don't understand why strongly connected (=one-particle irreducible) Feynman diagrams are so important in scattering theory. By the other words, I don't understand why do we cut off one of the internal lines in the Diagram and does it relate to some physical process.
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Qmechanic
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Andrew McAddams
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Related: https://physics.stackexchange.com/q/324252/2451 , https://physics.stackexchange.com/q/146734/2451 and links therein. – Qmechanic Jul 28 '17 at 11:08
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The fact that only connected Feynman diagrams contribute to the scattering amplitude can be interpreted in terms of the vacuum of the theory. Omitting disconnected diagrams amounts to shifting the vacuum: the vacuum of the interacting theory differs from that of the free theory.
Regarding your second question: strongly connected (also called one-particle irreducible) diagrams are needed in order to calculate loop corrections to the propagator. The exact propagator is given by a geometric series consisting of one-particle irreducible diagrams. Furthermore, they play a role in the calculation of the exact vertex function.
I can recommend two excellent and free sources for more information on the subject: David Tong's lectures on QFT and Mark Srednicki's book.
Frederic Brünner
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To be clear, reducible diagrams contribute to the self-energy? but are included as "products" of 1PI diagrams? and we needn't compute them? – innisfree Dec 04 '13 at 22:44
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@innisfree The self-energy is given only in terms of 1PI diagrams, see chapter 14 of Srednicki. – Frederic Brünner Dec 05 '13 at 02:17
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@FredericBrünner Why does the vacuum of the interacting theory differ from that of the free theory? – Nanashi No Gombe Jun 15 '17 at 18:27
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